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Modern Times
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D Loop
a triplex structure within the non-coding region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It's formed by a short DNA strand (7S DNA) displacing one strand of the usual double-stranded DNA, creating a loop. This region is crucial for mtDNA replication and transcription, acting as the origin of replication for the heavy strand and as a promoter for both the heavy and light strands
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Amino Acid Codes:
proline
Proline has a secondary amine, making it the only proteinogenic amino acid with this characteristic. Its side chain forms a ring, giving it a rigid structure and impacting its behavior in proteins
threonine
Threonine has an α-amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain with a hydroxyl group